Sample 1Easy
Typhoid fever is confirmed by which of the following tests?
- A
Widal test
- B
ELISA
- C
Biopsy
- D
Electrocardiogram
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The answer is A.Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, and it can be confirmed by the Widal test. ELISA is used to diagnose AIDS and biopsy is used to detect cancer.
- B.
ELISA is the widely used diagnostic test for AIDS.
- C.
Biopsy and histopathological study of tissue are used to detect cancer.
- D.
An electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart.
NCERT: Class 12 Biology, Chapter 7 (Human Health and Disease), Common Diseases in Humans
Sample 2Medium
A life-cycle diagram of Plasmodium shows a female Anopheles injecting stage P into a human. P multiplies in liver cells and then in red blood cells, which rupture and release a toxin Q that causes chills and high fever. Some parasites in the blood form gametocytes, which a mosquito takes up; P later collects in the mosquito's salivary glands. Which statement is correct?
- A
P is the gametocyte and Q is haemozoin; fertilisation takes place in human red blood cells
- B
P is the sporozoite and Q is haemozoin; fertilisation takes place in the mosquito
- C
P is the sporozoite and Q is histamine; fertilisation takes place in the liver
- D
P is the sporozoite and Q is haemozoin; fertilisation takes place in human liver cells
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The answer is B.Plasmodium enters the human as sporozoites, multiplies asexually in liver cells and red blood cells, and the rupture of RBCs releases haemozoin, which causes chills and fever. Gametocytes taken up by the mosquito fertilise and develop in its stomach.
- A.
The infective stage injected is the sporozoite, and fertilisation is in the mosquito's stomach.
- C.
The toxin is haemozoin, and fertilisation does not occur in the human.
- D.
Only asexual multiplication occurs in the human liver; fertilisation is in the mosquito.
NCERT: Class 12 Biology, Chapter 7, 7.1
Sample 3NEET level
Match List I (pathogen) with List II (disease). List I: A. Salmonella typhi B. Haemophilus influenzae C. Microsporum D. Wuchereria bancrofti List II: I. Ringworm II. Filariasis III. Pneumonia IV. Typhoid Choose the correct answer.
- A
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
- B
A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
- C
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
- D
A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
Show the answer
The answer is D.Salmonella typhi causes typhoid, and Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae cause pneumonia. Ringworm is caused by fungi of the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton, and Wuchereria (W. bancrofti, W. malayi) causes filariasis.
- A.
Swaps typhoid and pneumonia between Salmonella and Haemophilus.
- B.
Swaps ringworm and filariasis: Microsporum is a fungus causing ringworm.
- C.
Swaps both pairs: the two bacteria and the fungus and the helminth.
NCERT: Class 12 Biology, Chapter 7 (Human Health and Disease), Common diseases in humans